What Parents Need to Know About Bilirubin Levels in Newborns

Table of Contents

• Introduction

• 1. What Is Bilirubin and Why Does It Matter?

• 2. Why Do Newborns Often Have High Bilirubin Levels?

• 3. Signs of High Bilirubin Levels in Babies

• 4. How to Check and Monitor Bilirubin Levels

• 5. Safe Treatments to Reduce Bilirubin Levels

• Did You Know?

• Conclusion

• FAQ

Introduction

High bilirubin levels can lead to jaundice, but there are safe ways to monitor and manage it.

Don't panic if your newborn starts looking yellowish a few days after birth. This could be a common sign related to bilirubin levels in their blood.

1. What Is Bilirubin and Why Does It Matter?

Bilirubin is a yellow substance produced when red blood cells break down.

The liver typically filters bilirubin and removes it through stool. However, in newborns, the liver is still immature, which can cause a buildup of bilirubin in the bloodstream.

2. Why Do Newborns Often Have High Bilirubin Levels?

Newborn jaundice is common because their liver isn't fully developed yet.

Some common causes include:

• Premature birth

• Inadequate breastfeeding

• Blood type incompatibility between mother and baby

• Birth trauma (bruising, cephalohematoma)

Premature birth can also cause high bilirubin levels.

3. Signs of High Bilirubin Levels in Babies

Spot the early symptoms to start treatment promptly.

• Yellowing of the skin and eyes starting from the face downward

• Baby appears sleepy or hard to wake for feeding

• Fewer wet diapers or bowel movements

• Pale stool and dark urine

4. How to Check and Monitor Bilirubin Levels

Both professional tests and home monitoring are important.

• Blood test (serum bilirubin)

• Skin check using a bilimeter (non-invasive)

• Observe feeding patterns, diaper output, and stool color

• Take photos to track skin color changes and show your doctor

5. Safe Treatments to Reduce Bilirubin Levels

Early treatment helps prevent serious complications like kernicterus.

• Phototherapy: Blue light therapy helps break down bilirubin

• Frequent breastfeeding: 8–12 times a day promotes bilirubin removal

• Supplemental feeding: If breastmilk is insufficient

• Regular checkups with a pediatrician

Did You Know?

Extremely high bilirubin levels can lead to permanent brain damage (kernicterus).

That’s why it's crucial not to ignore any signs of jaundice, even if they seem minor. According to the Malaysian Ministry of Health, over 50% of newborns experience jaundice within the first week of life.

Conclusion

High bilirubin levels in newborns are common and manageable with early detection. As a parent, monitor your baby's feeding, diaper output, and skin tone. If in doubt, always consult a pediatrician for guidance.

FAQ

1. What bilirubin level is considered high in newborns?

Levels above 250 μmol/L may be considered high, depending on the baby's age and other health conditions.

2. How long does newborn jaundice usually last?

Typically 1–2 weeks. If it lasts more than 2 weeks, further tests are needed.

3. Can jaundice go away on its own?

Yes, mild cases can resolve naturally, but medical monitoring is still important.

4. Does every baby need phototherapy?

No. Only babies with high bilirubin levels or at risk of complications require it.

5. How do I know if my baby is feeding well?

Signs include being alert, having at least 6 wet diapers a day, and passing yellowish stool.

Want to make sure your baby stays healthy and jaundice-free?

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